Are preference shares better than ordinary shares ?

IS leverage a good ratio and is worked out via dividing shareholder fund by borrowed money to work out a percentage.

What exactly is a vertical put spread.

Lastly to work out profit in a futures markets do you say sale price-purchase price X size of contract i.e 5000 bushels.

minimum size fluctiation price per tick X size of contract i.e 5000 bushels divided by 100 to convert to dollars or pounds.

I don't think preference shares are better and how to plan to obtain them. They are not issued to the general public.

Leverage is not a ratio but you apply levergae to your account in order to increase profits but e aware it works both ways, you can also increase your losses and even loose more then your inital investment.

If you kow how to use it it's a very useful investment tool.